Kihei Mauka Solar

Utility-scale solar and battery storage power plant
20 MW
Solar Photovoltaic
80 MWh
Battery Storage
20 Year
PPA with MECO
2028
Online Date
Kihei Mauka site

Project Details

Proposer/ Parent Company/Owner/Sponsor/Business Affiliation/etc:

Renew Development Holdco LLC, Kihei Mauka Solar LLC, and Clearway Energy Group (parent)

Project Capacity (MW):

20 MW

Proposed Facility Location:

Near Kihei, Maui

TMK(s) of Facility Location:

(2) 2-2-002:050 (por) and (2) 2-2-002:001 (por)

Point of Interconnection’s Circuit:

New MECO 69kV Switching Station; Existing 69kV Auwahi-Kealahou Circuit

Project Description

Kihei Solar is a thoughtfully-sited 20 MW photovoltaic facility with a 4-hour battery (80 MWh) that will provide low-cost renewable energy to the grid for 20 - 40 years at a fixed annual price, while making clean energy available to the grid after the sun goes down, when demand for electricity peaks. 

The project sells power directly to MECO to benefit all Maui ratepayers with power prices well below MECO’s avoided cost to procure electricity via fossil fuels. The project is conducting extensive community engagement efforts, and additionally, the project includes a community benefit package for 20 years, as required by the Power Purchase Agreement with MECO, whereby $60k per year will be donated to community programs and efforts with a focus on education, workforce development, and sustainable, local agriculture.

PPA Length
20 Year
Island
Maui

Project Site Maps

Click to enlarge images
Kihei Mauka - Interconnection Route

The interconnection route consists of a short line on the project site to the new HELCO switchyard location. There is a short (yellow) overhead 69kV line connection between the existing L8200 circuit and the new switchyard (~100 feet).

Community Outreach Plan

Clearway is focused on carefully informing and engaging with neighboring communities and stakeholders about the project scope, the project benefits, the development and governmental process, as well providing the community with timely information throughout all phases of the Waikoloa Solar Project, giving the community an opportunity to engage and weigh-in on the project. Clearway plans to connect with the community through early talk story meetings with community members as well as Town Hall meetings, presentations to neighborhood boards, and other outreach channels as the project progresses.

The following is a high-level schedule for Clearway’s Community Outreach Plan, which has already commenced and is due to continue after the PPA is submitted to the State Public Utilities Commission (PUC) for approval in Q4 2024, through to construction and operations. Key milestones for outreach to the community include:

  • Upon Final Award
  • Prior to SUP permitting application submissions to LUC and County for Plan Approval
  • Prior to start of construction following receipt of land use permits and prior to issuance of building/grading permits
  • During construction in order to ensure community has an opportunity to share any impacts due to construction

Each of these milestones and throughout the schedule described below, there are opportunities for Clearway to share with the community and for the community to share with Clearway. These communications will also provide opportunities for Clearway to share iterations it is making on the Project, the Community Benefit Package and the Community Benefit Fund in response to community concerns that are shared.

Community Outreach Efforts

As part of the prior proposed project by SB Energy, and Potentia, the community was engaged over a period of 9 - 12 months. Responses were compiled for community outreach conducted as part of the PUC approval proceeding on the PPA for Kamaole Solar.

The community response was generally positive throughout this prior engagement. Since this time, largely in working with landowner Haleakala Ranch, Clearway has confirmed ongoing community support. Haleakala Ranch continues to keep the County informed regarding the proposed Project, including Mayor Bissen’s administration. In correspondence with local community engagement firm, Skog Rasmussen, their indications are that community support for the Kihei Mauka location will be strong, and that Kihei Mauka in Kamaole is a preferred location.

Clearway has provided an initial Kihei Mauka Solar Community Outreach Plan, which will continue to be updated and improved upon through Priority List and Final Award, and informed by the community at every step of the development process. The Community Outreach Plan includes the disclosure and sharing of information with the community via our project website, and in-person and virtual meetings, to include: Project description, community scoping (including stakeholders and community concerns), Project benefits, government approvals, development process (including Project schedule), plan for reporting construction schedules and activities which include resulting impacts (e.g., traffic, noise, and dust) and mitigation plans beginning at least one month prior to the start of scheduled work, and a comprehensive communications plan which factors in monthly Project status updates and includes a timeline. The Kihei Mauka Solar Community Outreach Plan includes a proposed outreach approach and schedule, a communication plan and the project information that will be shared in each engagement. 

Impacts of the project on the community may include aesthetic, cultural, environmental, recreational, or other impacts. Clearway is responsive to understanding from the community what they feel are the impacts of the project, rather than just anticipating what those issues may be. Mitigation strategies will be arrived at based on the feedback received from the community, and may include such actions as reconfiguring the project layout to minimize visual impacts, revising the Community Benefit Package or structure of the Kihei Mauka Solar Community Benefit Fund, or decreasing the size of the project if deemed necessary and economically feasible. The priority is meeting the needs and addressing the concerns of the community to ensure community acceptance.

Clearway typically shares the best management practices that we implement as a company in the various areas of potential impacts related to the Project, in order to help the community in gauging their responses, and in order to develop mitigation strategies that address the underlying concerns. For the Kihei Mauka Solar Project, Clearway would present best management practices to the community as follows:

Land Use
The Kihei Mauka Solar Project has been sited taking into account appropriate land use. Kihei Mauka Solar is located in the Agricultural District with LSB Rated E soils. Solar is a compatible use in the AG - Agriculture district of Maui County with a public hearing and Special Use Permit. The project is located outside of Maui County Urban Growth Boundary, and away from residential neighborhoods.
Traffic
A Traffic Assessment specific to the site has been performed for the project and will be updated. Traffic generation is primarily during the construction period (of roughly 12 months) as the operations on the site long term requires minimal personnel. Traffic is mitigated during the construction period by scheduling, road signs and notifying the community when needed. Special consideration will be given to the times and uses of Pi’ilani Highway by a variety of users so impacts are minimized during the construction period. Traffic Management Plan will be implemented by construction partners.
Noise
The Project will be constructed and operated in compliance with Maui County noise requirements (Community Noise Control). Noise from solar facilities is negligible and similar to the hum of a substation in your neighborhood already.
Visual
A glint and glare analysis demonstrated no significant impact. Glare from the solar facilities will be minimal since the panels are designed to absorb irradiant and ambient light, and given the gentle slope of mauka lands the Project is located on. Visual impacts will be taken into consideration and visual simulations have been created. The Project is not located near residences.
Cultural, Archeological
Cultural and archeological assessments (AIS and CIA) have been performed and updated analysis will be submitted to the State Historic Preservation Division (SHPD) in order to ensure that the Project does not impact upon areas of cultural or archeological value. Native Hawaiian as well as historic values and extensive interviews have been included in these assessments. Known areas of sensitivity have been excluded from the proposed Project footprint and will be included in a Preservation Plan monitored by SHPD. During construction great care will be taken to ensure all construction halts if burial/remains are found.
Biological
Initial biological diligence has been performed on the site and more detailed biological surveys will be conducted prior to permitting. The Project Site is currently disturbed, former ranch lands with limited biological value.
Heat, Waste, Decommissioning
No heat impacts. At the end of the Project’s useful life, most parts will be recycled or resold for scrap value. Waste materials will be recycled and removed off-island at the end of the Project life.
Safety
The project will work closely with Maui County, the local Fire Department and landowner to improve firebreaks and wild fire safety to the area. 

Modern and proven technology will be utilized for both the solar arrays and battery system, and project facilities will be designed, constructed, and operated in accordance with applicable fire protection, and other environmental, health, and safety requirements. The battery storage systems have advanced fire suppression technology which effectively shuts down the entire unit in the event of any spark. Best Management Practices will be deployed during construction and operations to handle, store, and dispose of hazardous materials.

Clearway has been closely involved with the US EPA Hawaii Lithium-Ion Battery Emergency Response Training and Exercises. Clearway currently operates 300 MWh of load-shifting battery storage on the O‘ahu grid to the highest safety standards.

Community Benefit Package

Benefit of the Project that Clearway will share with the community include:
  • Providing a Kihei Mauka Community Benefit Fund of $120,000 annual that will be managed by a local non-profit organization with a Board or allocation committee thoughtfully appointed with input from local community members and landowner Haleakala Ranch, and with funds to be spent on local projects, donated to local non-profits, and directed by the community;
  • Providing workforce development opportunities in the solar energy space, working with partners such as Pacific Resource Partnership (PRP);
  • Commitment to offering Blue Planet Foundation’s clean energy curriculum to schools in the identified Host Community, with funding for greater outreach by Blue Planet Foundation to Kihei communities.
  •  The project will require roughly 150 direct construction jobs and many other indirect local jobs at various stages of development and operations of the project. Clearway is committed to hiring 100% union and prevailing wage labor, and focusing on hiring of Maui residents prior to hiring across the State and on the mainland.
  •  Providing a fixed price of power for 20 years contributing to reduced rate volatility;
  • Providing clean power to the Maui grid at half the price of fossil fuels.
  • Contributing to Hawaii’s clean energy future by increasing Maui Electric’s renewable portfolio progress towards 100% by 2045;
  • Producing no pollution or greenhouse gas emissions
  • Providing enough clean energy to power over 5,000 homes
  • Contributing to Maui and Hawaii’s energy independence by offsetting fossil fuel usage
  • Providing battery energy storage that provides resiliency to the grid and allows the projects to continue providing solar energy to the grid after the sun goes down when loads peak 
Low Cost Renewables

The price per kWh offered by the project is lower than MECO’s avoided cost of generating electricity via fossil fuels or its current energy mix, which will result in lower ratepayer bills over time. Additionally these prices are fixed for the 20-year life of the PPA, which protects ratepayers from some of the volatility of fossil fuel prices as Hawaii reduces its dependence on imported fossil fuels.

Community Benefit Fund

The Community Benefit Package and the Community Engagement and Outreach Plan go hand-in-hand. Community consultation and input will inform the defined Host Community needs, and the structure of the final Community Benefit Package.

As part of the Community Benefit Package, Clearway is committed to funding at least $120,000 per year for the Kihei Mauka Solar Community Benefit Fund. Clearway is committed at the $3,000 per MW AC level, in addition to other in-kind contributions to the community including local workforce development.

Kihei Mauka Community Benefit Fund Administration

At present, Clearway plans for the Kihei Mauka Community Benefit Funds to be administered by a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit created by Clearway, with a Board or allocation committee thoughtfully appointed with input from the County and local associations. Funds will be spent on local community improvement projects, donated to local non-profits with community benefits, and directed by the community to selected proposals for community projects; with a focus on education, community empowerment, community improvement projects and workforce development. Other projects to be considered could include infrastructure improvements, enhanced educational opportunities, jobs and job training, historical and/or cultural protection, neighborhood beautification, and any other similar community benefit.

Clearway has delivered on similar community benefit funds in other communities across the country, with one particularly relevant example in West Virginia.

Proposed Host Community

Environmental Compliance and Permitting Plan

Siting Plans

Kihei Mauka Solar has been designed with careful consideration of the permitting requirements related to the land use of the project site, as well as the potential environmental, biological, archeological, cultural and aesthetic impacts of the Project. The project site is well-studied and as such the current conceptual design is well informed, but adaptable. The site plan takes into account grading, drainage, civil, utilities, access, and lot coverage.

Clearway has met with the County, related to other solar projects in Maui County, and considered applicable zoning and permitting requirements, as well as the need of the landowner, Haleakala Ranch, in thoughtfully siting the Project.  The Project is within the Agricultural State land use district, on lands classified by the Land Study Bureau’s Detailed Classification System as having Class E soil, the lowest rating for agricultural productivity. Per HRS §205-2(d)(6), solar projects are permitted on Class E soils with no size restrictions. The Project is zoned by the County as AG-Agriculture and is a compatible use with a  Special Use Permit. Community engagement on the project to date has not been contentious. 

To facilitate Maui County Planning Commission approval of the SUP via a public hearing, Clearway Energy will actively engage with potential stakeholders to solicit feedback early in the design process prior to submittal of our SUP permit application. In addition, we will incorporate best design practices from our prior solar projects (Waiawa, Mililani I, Lanikuhana, Kawailoa and Wapio) that have successfully navigated permitting processes and are currently in operation.

Best practices include but are not limited to micro siting our layout to avoid sensitive biological and cultural resources, and siting in close proximity to existing transmission infrastructure to limit the distance of overhead line. As with our other projects, Clearway will actively engage with community stakeholders including the nearby community and village associations, to solicit feedback on our site and design and provide project information through town hall meetings and informal updates at regularly scheduled association meetings. In doing so, we will proactively answer questions from the community to ensure a streamlined agency review process.

Studies/Assessments

The Project site has been the focus of extensive previous studies as the Kamaole Solar project was developed previously with the involvement of landowner, Haleakala Ranch. Prior developers including SB Energy, PegGen, and Potentia conducted extensive studies, including flora/fauna, traffic, glint/glare, AIS, CIA, geotechnical, hydrology, visual assessments, etc. These studies are now owned by Haleakala Ranch as the landowner that facilitated the development over the past 6+ years, and Potentia has agreed as part of the termination agreement on their site lease with Haleakala Ranch to cooperate in the transfer of all such studies to Clearway to facilitate a smooth transition of the Project.

Archeological and Cultural Resources

Cultural and archeological sites as discussed in Section 2.7 of this Proposal were carefully considered in the design and layout decisions surrounding the proposed Kihei Mauka project.

The Special Use Permit from Maui County requires at a minimum a preliminary archaeological and historical data and comments from the Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR, SHPD) and the Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA) of the State of Hawaii. If applicable, a preservation/mitigation plan approved by DLNR and OHA will be pursued and required. The project already has a completed Archaeological Inventory Survey (AIS) and a Cultural Impact Assessment (CIA), ready to submit and consult with SHPD.

Biological Resources

A botanical and wildlife survey was conducted by Robert Hobdy, Environmental Consultant, Biological Resources Study for the Kamaole Solar Project in March 2021. The study area was smaller than the original biological study area assessed in 2006. The 2006 study and EIS concluded that development on the parcel would not likely result in impacts to native wildlife species but adverse impacts to native plant assemblages were possible. Based on review by Tetra Tech, there is one drainage within the Project area that could be considered jurisdictional by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), although no wetlands have been identified in the Project area by National Wetlands Inventory (NWI), National Hydrography Dataset (NHD), and Hawai`i Department of Aquatic Resources (DAR) data. Given the potential for change in site conditions and/or environmental law, updated biological surveys will be conducted to confirm the presence/absence of sensitive resources including wetland features, which will be used to inform site design so that sensitive resources are avoided to the extent possible, and to inform consultation with wildlife agencies.

List of Regulatory and Permit Approvals

The following are the required permits for the Kihei Mauka Solar Project. Clearway anticipates designing the project to avoid impacts to waters under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and implementing best management practices during construction and operation to avoid adverse impacts to state and federally protected species. Clearway will consult with the appropriate state and federal agencies. However no formal approvals are anticipated to be required from USACE, USFWS, Hawai`i Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) and Division of Forestry and Wildlife (DOFAW).

NPDES

Permit Name: A Notice of General Permit Coverage (NGPC) for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)

Federal, State or Local agencies and authorities having jurisdiction over the issuance: State of Hawai`i Department of Health

State Land Use

Permit name: AIS and CIA Acceptance, Approval and Preservation/Monitoring Plan (as needed)

Federal, State or Local agencies and authorities having jurisdiction over the issuance: State Historic Preservation Division (SHPD/ DLNR), and Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA)

County Land Use

Permit name: Special Use Permit

Federal, State or Local agencies and authorities having jurisdiction over the issuance: Maui County Planning Commission

Anticipated timeline for seeking and receiving the required permit and/or license: 6 months including Public Hearing scheduled with Maui County Planning Commission

County Building and Grading Permits

Permit Name: Building and Grading Permits (PV/BESS, Substation, OH line, and COIF including new Switching Station)

Federal, State or Local agencies and authorities having jurisdiction over the issuance: Maui County Department of Public Works

Major Events & Milestones

Kihei Mauka Project Timeline

Discover the key milestones in our journey towards renewable energy - for the complete timeline, view our detailed PDF here.

2023

July: Shortlisted

December: Final Award

2024

January - December:  Design & Engineering

September: Submit Permitting Applications (CUP)

December: Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) Executed

2025

Permit Approvals

2026 - 2027

July '26 — September '27: Construction

December 1, 2027: Commercial Operations

2028-2048+

Operations

2048+

Decommissioning

Tangible Emissions Impact

This 30MW Solar Project Would Replace Fossil Fuels Equivalent to These Common Sources

648M
Pounds of coal burned
1.3M
Barrels of oil consumed
1.4B
Miles driven by average gas-powered passenger vehicle
65M
Gallons of gasoline consumed
Over the 20 year PPA term of this project. Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies Calculator | US EPA

Tell us what you think about this project

Discover how Clearway's operational projects are driving Hawaii's sustainability goals.

Mountain ranges and rainbow